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目的探讨儿童及成人髓母细胞瘤患者的治疗及预后情况。方法回顾性研究80例经病理证实的髓母细胞瘤，对其成人与儿童患者的生存情况与肿瘤切除程度、脑脊液分流情况、放疗方式对其预后的影响作多因素分析比较。结果61例（76％）获得6个月至14年随访。5年生存率与10年生存率分别为50．8％和27．9％。成人患者5年生存率较儿童高（P＜0．05），而10年生存率两组相近。肿瘤全切或次全切除生存率高于大部分切除（P＜0．05）。全脑加脊髓放疗可改善患者近期生存率（P＜0．05）。3例患儿生存超过Collins危险期。结论手术与术后常规放疗是治疗髓母细胞瘤的关键。全切除或次全切除肿瘤、全脑加脊髓放疗可明显提高生存率。少数患者有可能获得长期生存。
Objective To investigate the treatment and prognosis of medulloblastoma in children and adults. Methods Eighty cases of pathologically proven medulloblastoma were retrospectively studied. The survival and the degree of tumor resection, cerebrospinal fluid shunt, and the effect of radiotherapy on the prognosis of adult and pediatric patients were analyzed and compared. Results 61 patients (76%) were followed up for 6 months to 14 years. The 5-year survival rate and 10-year survival rate were 50.8% and 27.9% respectively. The 5-year survival rate of adult patients was higher than that of children (P<0.05), and the 10-year survival rate was similar between the two groups. The survival rate of total or subtotal resection was higher than that of most resections (P<0.05). Whole brain plus spinal cord radiotherapy can improve the patients’ recent survival rate (P<0.05). Three patients survived beyond the Collins risk period. Conclusion Surgery and postoperative conventional radiotherapy are the key to the treatment of medulloblastoma. Total or subtotal resection of the tumor, whole brain plus spinal cord radiotherapy can significantly improve the survival rate. A small number of patients may have long-term survival.