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从苏联政府1958年批准(?)千拉德辐射土豆到1976年9月第三次联合国粮农组织、世界卫生组织、国际原子能机构辐射食品专家联合委员会批准“无条件接受”辐射小麦(100千拉德)、马铃薯(15千拉德),“暂时接受”辐射稻米(100千拉德)等,历经了近二十年的光景。然而至今为止,粮食专用幅照装置却寥寥可数,除美国、土耳其和加拿大等曾建过外,其余国家大都仍处于中试阶段。这类辐照场算来有四、五十处之多。辐射粮食的主要目的是杀灭有害生物(害虫和微生物),对于薯类主要是抑制发芽。要达到这个目的是不太困难的,但由此而产生的问题就比较复杂。如:对食用和工艺品质的影响,有无放射性或射解的有害物产(?)等等。尤其是卫生安全问题,是人们极为关心的,需要做大量的研究工作才能做出明确的回答。本文拟就辐射粮食的品质作一般的介绍。
Approved by the Soviet government in 1958 (?) Thorad radiates potatoes until September 1976 The third joint commission of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Health Organization and the International Atomic Energy Agency approved the “unconditional acceptance” of radiated wheat (100 rads ), Potato (15 krad), “temporary acceptance” of radiated rice (100 krad) and so on, after almost 20 years. However, so far, only a few grain-specific photo-irradiation devices have been built except for the United States, Turkey and Canada. Most of the remaining countries are still in the pilot stage. This type of radiation field has four or fifty as many. The main purpose of the radiation of food is to kill pests (pests and microorganisms), and for the potato it is mainly to inhibit germination. To achieve this goal is not too difficult, but the resulting problems are more complicated. Such as: the impact on food and process quality, the presence of radioactive or radioactive harmful substances (?) And so on. In particular, health and safety issues are extremely concerned by people and require a large amount of research work to make a clear answer. This article intends to give a general introduction to the quality of the irradiated food.