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目的:了解男同性恋浴池男男性行为者（MSM）的HIV感染情况及其影响因素，为在MSM人群中开展有效预防干预提供信息和依据。方法:2015年10月至2016年1月在杭州市某男同性恋浴池开展横断面调查，招募最近6个月与同性发生性行为的MSM，通过一对一调查收集人口学和性行为等信息，并开展HIV抗体检测，分析HIV抗体确证结果的相关影响因素。结果:接受调查共465人，已婚/与女性同居者占68.39%，艾滋病知识整体知晓率达90.97%；HIV抗体确证阳性48人，抗体阳性率为10.32%，平均年龄为（38.29±10.86）岁。多因素分析显示，近半年有群交史（n OR=2.80，95%n CI：1.06~7.41）以及自我认为可能/不知道感染艾滋病（n OR=3.55，95%n CI：1.77~7.11）是感染HIV的危险因素；近半年去浴池2次及以上（n OR=0.49，95%n CI：0.25~0.96），近半年与异性发生过性行为（n OR=0.47，95%n CI：0.23~0.93）以及知晓同性性伴侣的HIV感染情况（n OR=0.43，95%n CI：0.21~0.88）是其保护因素。n 结论:男同性恋浴池MSM有较高的艾滋病感染率，群交行为、不知晓同性性伴HIV感染情况以及自我认为可能有感染艾滋病风险等是该人群感染HIV的影响因素。应关注首次去浴池活动的MSM，并加强干预。“,”Objective:To understand the HIV infection and influencing factors among men who have sex with men(MSM) who visit gay bathhouse, so as to obtain the important information in further intervention and prevention.Methods:A cross-sectional study was performed to recruit MSM who had sexual behavior in recent 6 months in one gay bathhouse in Hangzhou from October 2015 to January 2016. The information about their demographic characteristics and sexual behaviors were collected through one-to-one surveys, and HIV tests were conducted. The related influencing factors for the HIV-positive MSM were analyzed.Results:A total of 465 MSM were surveyed, among whom 68.39% were married or had female cohabitation, 90.97% were aware of HIV/AIDS knowledge. The positive rate of HIV antibody was 10.32%, and the age was (38.29±10.86) years old. Multivariate analysis indicated that group sex in past half year (n OR=2.80, 95%n CI: 1.06-7.41), self-cognition of the possibility/unknown of HIV infection (n OR=3.55, 95%n CI:1.77-7.11) were risk factors of HIV infection; and visiting gay bathhouse in past half year two or more times (n OR=0.49, 95%n CI:0.25-0.96), having heterosexual contact (n OR=0.47, 95%n CI:0.23-0.93), knowing HIV infection status of homosexual partner (n OR=0.43, 95%n CI:0.21-0.88) were the protective factors.n Conclusions:MSM in the gay bathhouse have high rate of HIV infection. Group sex, not knowing HIV infection status of homosexual partner, self-cognition of the possibility of HIV infection are risk factors for HIV infection among the population. We should pay more attention to MSM who go to the gay bathhouse for the first time and strengthened the behavior intervention.