一、前言目前世界各先进工业国对钢板生产的发展非常重视,钢板总产量已占世界热轧钢材的三分之一以上。如美国、日本一般占65～70%,苏联占40～50%,并有日益增长的趋势。由于钢板不仅可以直接用于汽车、造船、石油、军工及民用等各部 I. Introduction At present, all advanced industrial countries in the world attach great importance to the development of steel production, and the total output of steel plates accounts for more than one-third of the world’s hot-rolled steel products. Such as the United States, Japan generally accounts for 65 to 70%, the Soviet Union accounted for 40 to 50%, and there is a growing trend. As the steel can not only be used directly in the automotive, shipbuilding, petroleum, military and civil and other ministries