目的　探讨早产儿生后血中胃肠激素水平的变化及早期喂养的影响。　方法　将 72例早产儿分为自吮奶组、胃管饲组、微量喂养组和非营养性吸吮组 ,给予喂养干预。应用放射免疫法对其生后 12 h内喂养前及第 3、7天空腹血中胃泌素、胃动素浓度进行测定 ,并以 16例正常足月新生儿作为对照组。　结果　 (1)早产儿组生后开奶前及第 3、7天空腹血中胃泌素浓度分别为 (6 1± 2 4)ng/ L、(93± 37) ng/ L、(12 6± 45 ) ng/ L ,明显低于对照组的 (12 6± 30 ) ng/ L、(135± 34 ) ng/ L、(178±46 ) ng/ L (P值均 <0 .0 0 1) ;胃动素浓度分别为 (199± 5 8) ng/ L、(2 49± 5 6 ) ng/ L、(377± 139) ng/ L ,亦明显低于对照组的 (30 0± 6 7) ng/ L、(334± 84) ng/ L、(5 11± 180 ) ng/ L (P<0 .0 0 1及 0 .0 1) ;但随胎龄、日龄、奶量增加而升高 ,呈正相关。 (2 )早期喂养 (含微量喂养和非营养性吸吮 )能改善早产儿胃肠激素水平和胃肠动力 ,并提高其对喂养的耐受性。　结论　早产儿消化道机能能适应胃肠道营养 ,微量喂养和非营养性吸吮可促进早产儿胃肠道的发育和功能成熟 ,有助于从静脉营养过渡胃肠道营养 ,从胃管喂养过渡经口喂养 Objective To investigate the changes of blood levels of gastrointestinal hormones in preterm infants and the effects of early feeding. Methods 72 preterm infants were divided into self sucking group, gastric tube feeding group, micronutrient group and non-nutritive sucking group. The feeding intervention was given. Radioimmunoassay was used to determine the concentrations of gastrin and motilin in fasting blood before feeding and on days 3 and 7 within 12 hours after birth. Sixteen normal full-term newborns were used as control group. Results (1) The levels of fasting blood gastrin in premature infants were (6 1 ± 2 4) ng / L, (93 ± 37) ng / L, ± 45 ng / L, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (12 6 ± 30 ng / L, 135 ± 34 ng / L and 178 ± 46 ng / L, respectively ), And the concentrations of motilin were (199 ± 58) ng / L, (494 ± 56) ng / L and (377 ± 139) ng / L respectively (334 ± 84) ng / L and (5 11 ± 180) ng / L (P <0.01 or 0.01), but with the increase of gestational age, And increased, was positively correlated. (2) Early feeding (including micronutrient and non-nutritive sucking) can improve gastrointestinal hormone levels and gastrointestinal motility in preterm infants and increase their tolerance to feeding. Conclusion The function of gastrointestinal tract in preterm infants can be adapted to gastrointestinal tract nutrition. Micropropagation and non-nutritive sucking can promote the development and functional maturation of gastrointestinal tract in premature infants. It is helpful for the transitional nutrition of gastrointestinal tract from parenteral nutrition and the transition from gastric feeding Oral feeding