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目的探讨caspase-9、Smac蛋白在食管鳞癌中的表达及其与肿瘤细胞凋亡的关系。方法采用免疫组化SP法对80例经病理确诊为食管鳞癌病例的癌组织、正常组织及癌旁组织进行caspase-9和Smac蛋白半定量免疫组化分析,用TUNEL法检测石蜡切片中肿瘤细胞凋亡情况。结果 (1)Smac、caspase-9在食管正常组织、鳞癌组织、癌旁组织的阳性表达率分别为92.50%,63.75%,77.50%和85.00%,58.75%,72.5%,差异均有统计学意义。(2)Smac表达阳性的51例中,Caspase-9蛋白阳性表达47例,占92.16%(47/51),两者表达有极强的关联性。(3)在Smac蛋白表达阳性组平均癌细胞凋亡率(19.186±1.331),明显高于Smac蛋白表达阴性组(10.316±1.661);与Caspase-9蛋白表达阳性组比较无差异。47例Smac与Caspase-9蛋白共表达阳性组平均细胞凋亡率(26.819±1.273)明显高于Smac与Caspase-9蛋白共表达阴性组(6.154±1.631)。结论 Smac、caspase-9在食管癌中的表达呈明显的正相关,二者共同参与了食管鳞癌的发生、发展,在食管癌细胞的凋亡中发挥正反馈调节作用。
Objective To investigate the expression of caspase-9 and Smac protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its relationship with tumor cell apoptosis. Methods The immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the protein expression of caspase-9 and Smac in 80 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by pathological examination. Semi-quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of caspase-9 and Smac protein was performed. TUNEL method was used to detect the expression of tumor Apoptosis. Results (1) The positive expression rates of Smac and caspase-9 in esophageal normal tissues, squamous cell carcinoma tissues and paracancerous tissues were 92.50%, 63.75%, 77.50% and 85.00%, 58.75% and 72.5% respectively, the differences were statistically significant significance. (2) Of the 51 cases with positive Smac expression, Caspase-9 protein was positively expressed in 47 cases (92.16%, 47/51), with a strong correlation between them. (3) The mean cancer cell apoptosis rate in Smac positive group (19.186 ± 1.331) was significantly higher than that in Smac protein negative group (10.316 ± 1.661), but no difference with Caspase-9 protein expression positive group. The average apoptotic rate of the positive group (26.819 ± 1.273) was significantly higher than that of Smac and Caspase-9 co-expression negative group (6.154 ± 1.631). Conclusion The expressions of Smac and caspase-9 in esophageal cancer are positively correlated. Both of them play a role in the occurrence and development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and play a positive feedback regulation role in the apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells.