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细菌性痢疾(简称菌痢)是夏秋季常见的急性肠道传染病。全年都有散发流行,在特殊情况下,可造成大流行。在我国许多城镇和农村,目前菌痢的发病数占各种法定传染病发病数的首位。痢疾杆菌是一种微小的生物,在有氧和无氧的条件下,均能在普通培养基上生长,营养要求也不高。它的形态是杆状,两端钝圆,长约2～3微米(1微米等于千分之一毫米),因为没有鞭毛(即细菌的运动器官),所以不会运动。根据痢疾杆菌的生化反应和抗原构造不同,可分为四个群:即志贺氏菌、福氏菌、鲍氏菌、宋内氏菌。除宋内氏菌群外,每个群又分为
Bacillary dysentery (referred to as bacillary dysentery) is a common summer and autumn intestinal infectious diseases. Distribution throughout the year is popular, in exceptional circumstances, can cause pandemic. In many towns and villages in our country, the incidence of bacillary dysentery accounts for the first place in the incidence of various legal infectious diseases. Shigella is a tiny organism that grows in normal medium under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and has low nutritional requirements. Its shape is rod-shaped, blunt round at both ends, about 2 to 3 microns (1 micron equal to one-thousandth of a millimeter), because there is no flagellum (ie, bacterial movement organs), so do not exercise. According to the biochemical reaction and antigen structure of Shigella, it can be divided into four groups: Shigella, Forsythia, Brucella, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. In addition to Song Nei bacteria, each group is divided into