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利用四川稻区1961-2013年110个站点水稻生育期平均气温、平均最高气温、平均最低气温和积温资料,对水稻生育期热量条件变化特征进行研究分析.结果表明:生育期热量条件整体上呈上升趋势,气温趋势变化以平均最高气温的平均升幅、呈升温趋势站点数的比例最高,平均最低气温次之,平均气温相较最低;在年代际变化方面,1980n与1970n的热量条件要素相比,均表现出以气温升高、积温增加为主,1970n与1960n的热量条件要素相比,除平均最低气温表现为升降温面积幅度大致相当,其余以气温下降、积温减少为主;利用经验正交函数分解(EOF)方法建立稻区热量条件代表性序列,并分析其整体周期变化特征,其中生育期平均气温与平均最高气温存在以2~3年、14年及24年为主的周期变化,平均最低气温与积温主要存在2~3年、6~7年、14年和24年的周期振荡模态.
Based on the data of average growth temperature, mean maximum temperature, mean minimum temperature and accumulated temperature of rice in 110 stations in Sichuan rice area from 1961 to 2013, the characteristics of the caloric changes in rice growth period were studied and analyzed.The results showed that: Up trend, the change of temperature trend is the average increase of average maximum temperature, the highest proportion of sites with warming trend, followed by the lowest average temperature and the lowest average temperature; in 1980s and 1970n, , Both of which showed that the increase of air temperature and increase of accumulated temperature were the main factors. Compared with the element of heat condition of 1960n, the average minimum temperature showed a roughly equivalent range of temperature rise and fall, and the rest mainly decreased with the decrease of temperature and accumulated temperature. By means of EOF, a representative sequence of caloric conditions in rice area was established, and the characteristics of the whole cycle were analyzed. The average temperature and average maximum temperature in the period of growth varied from 2 to 3, 14 and 24 years , The average minimum temperature and accumulated temperature mainly exist 2 to 3 years, 6 to 7 years, 14 years and 24 years periodic oscillation mode.