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在某种意义上我们可以认为,不同的作家其创作活动的价值即是其以与众不同的方式对大千世界对人类性灵的特定领域特定情态的审美观照,在俄国文学中人们可以发现,托尔斯泰与陀思妥耶夫斯基这两位长篇小说巨匠明显对照的审美取向。如果说,托尔斯泰着眼于心理时间内人物常态意识活动的历时性波动,写出人的意识流动性,在作品中明确地显示人的情感的演变。“他始终是他,一会儿是个坏蛋,一会儿是个天使,一会儿是聪明人,一会儿是白痴”,那么,陀思妥耶夫斯基则醉心于心理空间内人物变态意识活动的共时性跃动,写出同一时间内(瞬间内)人的多种意识的相互渗透、相互干预、相互影响,呈现那不能相容的意识的“共生”,“天使般的魔鬼,在愚蠢中如此
In a sense, we can argue that the value of the creative activities of different writers is their aesthetic contrast to the distinctive modalities of a particular situation in a particular sphere of humanity and spirit, as one can find in Russian literature. Erste and Dostoevsky, two masterpieces of the novels contrast the aesthetic orientation. If we say that Tolstoy focuses on the diachronic fluctuation of normal consciousness activities during the psychological time and writes out the fluidity of human consciousness and explicitly shows the evolution of human emotions in his works. “He has always been him, while he is a bad guy, an angel for a moment, a wise man for a while and an idiot for a while.” Then Dostoyevsky is obsessed with the synchronic nature of the perverted consciousness in the psychological space, Write out the mutual infiltration, mutual interference and mutual influence of the various kinds of human consciousness at the same time (within an instant), presenting the “symbiosis” of incompatible consciousness, "the angelic devil is so stupid