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土地问题是十八世纪末法国资产阶级革命的基本问题。革命前的法国,资本主义经济已有所发展,但封建剥削制度仍占统治地位,法国还是一个封建的君主专制国家。而封建制度是建筑在封建的土地所有制基础之上的。十八世纪的法国是一个拥有二千五百余万人口的农业国家,但占全人口约百分之一的贵族统治集团(王室、教会高级僧侣及贵族领主)却占有全国土地的十分之九(包括世袭租地农所占用的土地)。
The land issue is a basic issue of the French bourgeois revolution in the late eighteenth century. Before the French Revolution, the capitalist economy had been developed, but the feudal system of exploitation still dominates. France is also a feudal monarchy. The feudal system was built on the basis of feudal land ownership. The French of the eighteenth century was an agricultural country with more than 25 million inhabitants, but the aristocratic ruling circles (royals, senior monks of the church and lords), which make up about one percent of the entire population, occupy a tenth of the national land Nine (including land occupied by hereditary farmers).