小麦散黑穗病俗名“黑枪”,危害小麦穗部,在我区普遍发生,且有逐年严重的趋势。小麦散黑穗病是真菌性病害,有病的小麦抽穗比健康小麦稍早一些,病穗表面包有灰白色薄膜,干枯破裂后,就散出黑色粉末(厚垣孢子)随风吹散,最后只剩下光秃秃的穗轴。病原菌的厚垣孢子近园形,暗黄绿色至浅褐色,表面有刺突。厚垣孢子的发育适温为20～25℃,正好与小麦开花吐蕊的适温大体一致。厚垣孢 Wheat smut disease common name “black gun”, endangering the spike of wheat, occurs in our district, and there is a serious trend year by year. Wheat smut is a fungal disease, diseased wheat heading earlier than healthy wheat, sick ear surface covered with an off-white film, after the dry rupture, scattered black powder (chlamydospore) wind blows, and finally Only the bare cob leaves. Pathogen chlamydospores nearly circular, dark yellow-green to light brown, spikes on the surface. The development of chlamydospores suitable temperature is 20 ~ 25 ℃, just right with the temperature of the spit of wheat flowering roughly the same. Chlamydospore