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目的了解部队乙型肝炎(乙肝)发生现况和发展规律,为制定防治策略提供科学依据。方法收集部队近年乙肝疫情和流行病学资料,分析患者的性别与年龄、职业、所在单位的分布,用发病率和构成比等指标进行整理综合分析。结果调查结果表明某区部队人群乙肝发病人数,在1991-1993年占年度肝炎总发病数25%~30%,1994-1997年波动在50%左右,1998-2000年占60%以上,2001-2005年仍然波动在50%左右。从相对比来看,1991-1997年乙肝病例增长约3%~30%,1998年以后,乙肝发病数呈逐年下降趋势,2005年有回升;病例平均年龄为28.10岁,在病例中男性占95.67%(1790/1871),女性占4.33%,男女之比为22.10∶1;战士发病比例高,占60%以上;全年均有发病,无明显季节性;各部队均有发病,其中B、A、F单位发病比例较高,分别占总发病数的23.36%、22.98%和16.41%;医院疫情漏报病例占60%(143/238)以上,可见乙肝实际发病率较疫情报告要高。结论部队乙肝发病比例较高,呈逐年下降趋势,基本呈散发状态,其防治工作应针对乙肝流行的各个环节,以战士为重点人群,采取综合防治措施。
Objective To understand the status and development of Hepatitis B (Hepatitis B) in troops and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and cure strategies. Methods The recent epidemic situation of hepatitis B in the army was collected and the distribution of the sex and age, occupation and unit of the patient was analyzed. The morbidity and composition ratio and other indicators were used for the comprehensive analysis. Results The survey results showed that the number of hepatitis B patients in the military units in a certain area accounted for 25% -30% of the annual total incidence of hepatitis in 1991-1993, about 50% in 1994-1997 and over 60% in 1998-2000, In 2005 it still fluctuated around 50%. In contrast, hepatitis B cases increased by about 3% -30% from 1991 to 1997. After 1998, the number of hepatitis B cases showed a downward trend year by year and rebounded in 2005. The average age of cases was 28.10 years old, and 95.67 cases of males % (1790/1871), women accounted for 4.33%, the ratio of men to women was 22.10:1; the incidence of soldiers was high, accounting for more than 60%; all the year-round incidence, no significant seasonal; the incidence of all units, including B, The incidences of A and F were higher, accounting for 23.36%, 22.98% and 16.41% respectively of the total number of cases; the number of cases of missing cases in hospitals was above 60% (143/238), showing that the actual incidence of hepatitis B was higher than that of the epidemic. Conclusion The incidence rate of hepatitis B in the troops is relatively high, showing a trend of declining year by year. The prevention and treatment work should be directed at all aspects of the epidemic of hepatitis B and take the soldiers as the key population and adopt comprehensive prevention and control measures.