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目的:探讨睡眠质量对抑郁症患者脑局部自发神经活动的改变及其与记忆功能的相关性。方法:招募58例抑郁症患者和58例性别、年龄及受教育年限均匹配的健康对照，进行3.0 T静息态磁共振扫描，并使用韦氏记忆量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数对被试进行评估。根据匹兹堡睡眠质量指数得分，将患者分为低睡眠质量组(n n＝38)、高睡眠质量组(n n＝20)。比较三组受试记忆功能及脑区低频振幅(amplitude of low frequency fluctuations，ALFF)值，在方差分析的基础上进行两独立样本n t检验，所得差异脑区ALFF值与两患者组韦氏记忆得分进行相关分析。n 结果:三组受试韦氏记忆商数存在差异(n F＝14.163，n P<0.01)，低睡眠质量患者组分值最低；左内侧额上回(MNI：x＝-10，y＝30，z＝58；K＝56)，右眶部额下回(MNI：x＝26，y＝20，z＝-26；K＝24)，左侧额中回(MNI：x＝-40 y＝32，z＝42；K＝25)的ALFF值在三组间存在差异(体素水平n P<0.001，团块水平n P<0.05，GRF矫正)。与高睡眠质量患者组相比，低睡眠质量患者组左内侧额上回ALFF值升高，且与低睡眠质量组的韦氏记忆商数(n r＝-0.327，n P＝0.045)和短时记忆(n r＝-0.388，n P＝0.016)呈负相关。与健康对照组相比，低睡眠质量患者组左内侧额上回、左额中回ALFF值升高；高睡眠质量组右眶部额下回ALFF值升高。n 结论:低睡眠质量抑郁症患者记忆功能受损更为严重，前额叶活动异常升高，与记忆功能存在一定相关性，可能与抑郁症患者长期的睡眠问题导致前额叶神经可塑性及突触改变有关。“,”Objective:To explore the association between the spontaneous neural activity and memory function in depressive patients with different sleep quality.Methods:Totally 58 patients with depressive disorder and 58 gender-, age-, education-matched healthy controls (HC) completed 3.0 T MRI Scanning and clinical assessment including Wechsler memory scale (WMS), 24 Hamilton depression scale(HAMD-24) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). According to the score of PSQI, patients were divided into poor sleep quality group (PS, n n=38) and good sleep quality group (GS, n n=20). Amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF) were calculated and compared among three groups.Correlation analyses between the brain activity and the score of WMS were conducted as well.n Results:Memory quotient of WMS showed differences among three groups(n F=14.163, n P<0.01), and the lowest score was found in patients with low sleep quality.The brain areas showed significant differences among three groups located in the left medial superior frontal gyrus (lmSFG, MNI: x=-10, y=30, z=58; K=56), right orbital inferior frontal gyrus (roIFG, MNI: x=26, y=20, z=-26; K=24) and left middle frontal gyrus (lMFG, MNI: x=-40 y=32, z=42; K=25) (voxel sizen P<0.001, cluster sizen P<0.05, GRF corrected). Compared with GS group, the ALFF of PS group showed significantly increased in the lmSFG, which was negatively correlated with memory quotient (n r=-0.327, n P=0.045) and short term memory(n r=-0.388, n P=0.016). Compared with HC group, the ALFF of PS group showed increased in the lmSFG and lMFG, GS group showed increased ALFF in the roIFG.n Conclusion:The impairment of memory function is more serious in patients with depression of low sleep quality, and the activity of frontal lobe is abnormally increased, which is related to memory function.Their association suggests that poor sleep quality in depressive patients may impair memory function by disrupting neural plasticity and synaptic pruning in the frontal lobes.