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【目的】了解产业结构变化对生态环境的影响,从环保的目标出发可以限制和改进现有产业结构,降低生态环境污染。【方法】以人地关系理论为指导,定性评价不同产业类型对生态环境影响,利用不同产业类型生态环境影响系数,对新疆30a(1978～2008年)的产业类型演变及其生态环境效益进行定量评价。【结果】研究时段内,产业结构经历了3次较大产业转移,产业结构生态环境影响属于中等水平,生态环境影响指数(influence index of industrial structure onn atural environment,IIISNE)产生波动性变化,其整体存在逐年降低后又反弹现象。1978～1991年生态环境效应逐年降低,产业结构变动给研究区带来了较好的生态环境效应,从1992年以后研究区生态环境发生变化生态环境影响指数呈增长趋势。【结论】研究区产业结构演变对自然资源和生态环境的影响比较明显,产业结构的优化并没有改变依赖资源和环境的局面,研究区需要优化产业结构,提高资源的使用效率,减少各种污染,降低产业发展对生态环境的影响。
【Objective】 Understanding of the impact of industrial structure changes on the ecological environment, starting from the goal of environmental protection can limit and improve the existing industrial structure and reduce ecological and environmental pollution. 【Method】 Based on the theory of human-earth relationship, the paper qualitatively evaluated the impact of different industrial types on the ecological environment and used the eco-environmental impact coefficients of different industrial types to quantify the evolution of industrial types and their ecological and environmental benefits during 30 years (1978-2008) in Xinjiang Evaluation. 【Result】 During the study period, the industrial structure underwent three major industrial transfers. The ecological and environmental impacts of industrial structure belonged to a medium level. The influence of the environmental index on industrial environment (IIISNE) fluctuated. Overall, There is a rebound after falling year by year. From 1978 to 1991, the ecological and environmental effects decreased year by year. Changes in industrial structure brought good ecological and environmental effects to the study area. After 1992, the ecological and environmental impacts of the research area showed a trend of increasing. 【Conclusion】 The evolution of industrial structure in the study area has obvious impact on natural resources and ecological environment. The optimization of industrial structure has not changed the situation of dependence on resources and environment. The research area needs to optimize the industrial structure, improve the efficiency of resource use and reduce various kinds of pollution , Reduce the impact of industrial development on the ecological environment.