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应用改进的有限元算法,综合考虑了碳纤维复合材料固化过程中树脂的化学收缩、应力松弛、材料的热收缩,建立了一个基于三维线性粘弹性的积分模型对复合材料层合板热压罐成型工艺过程中产生的残余应力进行了研究。结果表明:本文提出的方法能够完整地模拟树脂的固化过程并计算层合板的固化残余应力;对于文中的正交对称层合板而言,热收缩是影响残余应力大小的主要因素;固化完成后,0°铺层内的中面中心区域层间残余应力值接近于0,边缘区域会迅速增加,容易发生分层破坏;任意点处,轴向应力比其他两个方向的应力高出1~2个数量级;残余应力值沿厚度方向有较大变化;树脂的应力松弛行为会在一定程度上降低残余应力。
By using the improved finite element method, the chemical shrinkage, stress relaxation and thermal shrinkage of the resin during the curing process of carbon fiber composites were comprehensively considered. An integral model based on three-dimensional linear viscoelasticity Residual stresses generated in the process were studied. The results show that the proposed method can completely simulate the curing process of resin and calculate the residual stress of cured laminates. For the orthogonal symmetric laminates, heat shrinkage is the main factor affecting the residual stress. After curing, 0 ° plies in the central area of the middle layer of the residual stress near the value of 0, the edge area will rapidly increase, prone to delamination damage; at any point, the axial stress than the other two directions higher than the stress 1 ~ 2 A order of magnitude; the residual stress value has a greater change along the thickness direction; the resin’s stress relaxation behavior will reduce the residual stress to a certain extent.