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最高人民法院颁布的《关于民事诉讼证据的若于规定》(以下简称《规定》),已于2002年4月1日起实行。《规定》中第四条第八款明确规定:“因医疗行为引起的侵权诉讼,由医疗机构就医疗行为与损害结果之间不存在因果关系及不存在医疗过错承担举证责任”。这种由一方当事人提出主张而由对方当事人承担举证责任的做法,在法律上被称为“举证责任倒置”。
The Provisional Rules for Evidence Concerning Civil Proceedings promulgated by the Supreme People’s Court (the “Provisions”) came into effect on April 1, 2002. Paragraph 8 of Article 4 of the “Provisions” clearly stipulates: “Medical institutions should not bear the causal link between the medical act and the result of the damage and bear the burden of proof in the absence of medical malpractice because of infringement litigation caused by medical acts.” This practice of one party proposing a case and the other party bears the burden of proof is legally termed “Inversion of Proof of Proof”.