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1894年7月25日,日本联合舰队军舰在朝鲜南阳湾外的丰岛附近海面向在此经过的中国舰船发起突然袭击,挑起了丰岛海战。此战是甲午战争中海上战场的先声,历来不乏对其关注者。由于海战中中方参战军舰之一是方伯谦管带的“济远”舰,现代的方伯谦翻案论者对方伯谦、“济远”舰在此战中的表现作出了特别关注,其中如季平子、林濂藩等皆有关于丰岛海战的专门论述,然其文虽然名为丰岛海战,但对海战进程实际并无详细考订。本文旨在通过分析中外史料,对丰岛海战的战事情况加以分析,借以理清战事进程,了解“济远”等中国军舰在此战中的真实表现。
On July 25, 1894, the Japanese joint fleet warships launched a surprise attack on the Chinese ships passing by here off the Toshima Island outside Nanyang Bay, North Korea, provoking the Toshima Island naval battle. This war is the forerunner of the maritime battlefield in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, and there has always been no lack of concern for its followers. As one of the Chinese naval battleships in the naval battle was Fang Boqian’s “Jiyuan” ship, the modern Fang Boqian turned his case special attention to the performance of Fang Boqian and “Jiyuan” warships during this war, in which Such as Ji-Ping-tsu, Lin Hsuan-fan and so on all have a special discussion on the Toshima Island naval battle, although its text named Toshima Island naval battle, but no detailed examination of the actual process of naval battle. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the war situation in Toshima Sea by analyzing the historical data both at home and abroad so as to sort out the progress of the war and understand the real performance of Chinese warships such as JIYUAN in this battle.