目的　探讨中药方剂Ⅰ号对小鼠前列腺增生的治疗作用及其对前列腺细胞雌激素受体 (ER)和雄激素受体 (AR)的影响。方法　对小鼠行尿生殖窦植入 ,诱发前列腺增生 ,观察中药方剂Ⅰ号组、生理盐水组、保列治组的前列腺重量 ,应用免疫荧光流式细胞法检测前列腺细胞ER和AR的表达。结果　中药方剂Ⅰ号组前列腺重量明显减轻 ,ER和AR的表达明显降低。结论　中药方剂Ⅰ号对小鼠前列腺增生有明显治疗作用 ,其作用机制可能与抑制前列腺细胞ER和AR的表达有关。 Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of Chinese herbal formula I on benign prostatic hyperplasia in mice and its effects on prostate cell estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR). Methods The urogenital sinus was implanted in mice to induce benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The prostate weights of the traditional Chinese medicine prescription group I, normal saline group, and Baozhi group were observed. The expression of ER and AR in prostate cells was detected by immunofluorescence flow cytometry. Results The weight of prostate in Chinese Herbal Formula I group was significantly reduced, and the expression of ER and AR was significantly reduced. Conclusion Chinese herbal formula I has obvious therapeutic effects on BPH, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of ER and AR expression in prostate cells.