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德语韵律系统中有两个重要的超音段特征——语调和重音。这两个特征的相互作用使德语在自然语流中显现出的节奏特点与汉语的差别很大。此文以汉德两种语言在韵律系统中最迥异的特点为对象,即分别从声调和语调、音节节拍和重音节拍两个角度,以具体的例子说明汉语和德语在超音段层面上主要的特征差异。通过对比分析,说明在德语作为第二外语的语音教学中,教师应该从语音学和音位学的角度认识汉语和德语各自的超音段特征。在此基础上进行有针对性的讲解和练习,才能让学生全面了解目的语的发音特点,有意识地提高对陌生语调的敏感度,并让他们更有效地利用德语母语者的视听材料进行模仿跟读。
There are two important supersonic features in German prosody system - intonation and stress. The interaction between these two features makes the rhythmic characteristics of German language flow significantly different from those of Chinese. This article takes the two most distinctive features of Chinese and German in the prosodic system as the object, that is, from the perspectives of tone and intonation, syllable beats and accents, respectively, with examples to show that Chinese and German are mainly at the supersonic level The characteristic difference. Through comparative analysis, it shows that in the teaching of German as the second foreign language, teachers should recognize the respective characteristics of Chinese and German supersonic from phonetics and phonetics. Based on this, targeted explanations and exercises will enable students to fully understand the phonetic features of the target language, consciously increase their sensitivity to unfamiliar tones and allow them to more effectively use the audio-visual materials of German-speaking native speakers to imitate the read.