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建立了国际铁矿石长期协议价格谈判机制多方博弈模型,借助模型推导了不同情形下价格谈判的均衡价格和各方收益,解析出谈判各方地位、策略、成本、经济联系以及市场需求等因素对均衡价格的影响。研究结果表明,导致近年来国际铁矿石供求双方利益严重失衡和价格处于高位的原因并不在于国际铁矿石价格谈判机制本身,而是由于与价格相关的多种因素的共同作用。本文研究结果有助于客观认识沿用多年的国际铁矿石长期协议价格决定机制的特点和适用的环境,对我国钢铁企业寻求合理的国际铁矿石价格的努力具有一定的借鉴意义。
A multi-party game model of long-term international iron ore price negotiating mechanism was established. The model was used to derive the equilibrium price and benefits of all parties involved in the price negotiation. The factors such as position, strategy, cost, economic connection and market demand of each negotiating party were analyzed Impact on the equilibrium price. The research results show that the reason why the interests of both international iron and steel supply and demand are unbalanced and prices are high in recent years is not due to the international iron ore price negotiation mechanism itself but to the combination of various factors related to price. The results of this study will help to objectively understand the characteristics and applicable environment of the long-term international iron ore long-term agreement price decision mechanism and have some reference to China’s iron and steel enterprises to seek reasonable international iron ore prices.