近年来,子宫内膜异位症(EMs)与不孕的关系受到广泛关注。EMs患者的临床妊娠率明显低于正常女性,不同的治疗方案对其生育的影响不同。轻度EMs可先期待妊娠,继而考虑药物、促排卵、手术、辅助生殖技术(ART)等治疗方法;中、重度EMs期待妊娠率较低,建议先手术治疗,手术中应用生育指数(EFI)评分评估患者生育力,手术后可行期待妊娠或促排卵、ART等方式助孕;不建议单纯药物治疗及手术后药物治疗。根据患者EMs的程度及EFI评分制定个体化治疗方案,可以有效提高临床妊娠率。 In recent years, the relationship between endometriosis (EMs) and infertility has received widespread attention. The clinical pregnancy rate of patients with EMs was significantly lower than that of normal women, and the effects of different treatment regimens on their fertility were different. Moderate and severe EMs are expected to have a lower pregnancy rate. Surgery is the first choice for treatment of moderate and severe EMs. Fertility index (EFI) should be used during the operation. Rating assessment of patient fertility, expectant pregnancy after pregnancy or ovulation, ART and other methods to help pregnant; not recommended drug therapy alone and after surgery. According to the degree of patients with EMs and EFI score to develop individualized treatment programs, can effectively improve the clinical pregnancy rate.