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目的分析500种常用中药的收录及使用情况。方法采用数据库检索、频次定量统计法。首先以《中华本草》所收录的8980种中药为检索对象进行全文初检,并选出检中篇数在10篇以上的4033种中药;然后对初检选出的中药进行题录复检,计算出每种中药符合纳入标准的文献篇数,选出检中频次前500种的中药,统计这些中药的自然属性及其被《中药学》教材(教材)和《中华人民共和国药典》(《药典》)收录情况。结果检中频次前500种中药按自然属性分为植物药425种,矿物药24种,动物药51种;与《神农本草经》载药比较,植物药增加了173种,而矿物和动物药则分别减少了22和16种;与教材比较,教材收录者450种,未收录者50种;与《药典》)比较,《药典》收录者439种,未收录者61种。结论具有循环生长特点的植物药以及功效广泛、药性和缓、无毒或毒副作用较小的中药应用日益广泛;古代常用的矿物药以及国家限制使用的动物药应用渐少。
Objective To analyze the collection and use of 500 commonly used traditional Chinese medicines. Methods Using database retrieval, frequency quantitative statistics. First of all, “Chinese Materia Medica” 8980 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine as the object of the first full-text search, and selected the number of articles in the examination of more than 4033 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine; Calculate the number of articles that meet the inclusion criteria for each traditional Chinese medicine, and select the top 500 Chinese medicines for the frequency of the survey. The natural attributes of these Chinese herbs are statistically analyzed and compared with the traditional Chinese medicine textbooks and the Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China (“ Pharmacopoeia ”) included in the situation. Results The frequency of the first 500 Chinese herbs was classified into 425 species of plant medicine, 24 kinds of mineral medicine and 51 kinds of animal medicine according to their natural properties. Compared with the medicine of “Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing”, 173 kinds of plant medicine were added, while the mineral and animal medicine There were 22 and 16 species decreased respectively; compared with teaching materials, 450 species were included in the textbook and 50 species were not included; compared with the “Pharmacopoeia”), 439 species were included in the Pharmacopoeia and 61 species were not included. Conclusion The plant drugs with the characteristics of circular growth, as well as the widely used, moderately relieved, non-toxic or less side effects of traditional Chinese medicine is increasingly widespread; the ancient commonly used mineral drugs and animal drugs limited use of the country less.