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本文基于北大CCL语料库分析“必须”的语义特征及其主观化过程。首先,从类型、量值和取向3个情态维度提取“必须”的语义特征;其次,根据辖域范围和情态连用分析“必须”的句法限制;再次,着力探讨“必须”在客观条件的必然性、必要性以及主观意志的权位关系和亲疏关系上的话语功能;最后,勾勒出“必须”从“客观情势的必要性到主观意志的强制性”这一主观化演变过程。
Based on Peking University CCL corpus analysis, this paper analyzes the semantic features of “must ” and its subjective process. Firstly, the semantic features of “must ” are extracted from the three modal dimensions of type, magnitude and orientation. Secondly, the syntactic restrictions of “must ”The inevitability and necessity of objective conditions and the power of the subjective will, and the discourse function of the relationship between the two. Finally, we outline the necessity of the objective situation from the necessity of the objective situation to the compulsion of the subjective will." A subjective evolutionary process.