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用有限元方法计算了Al2O3-TiC/1Cr18Ni9Ti扩散焊接头的应力分布,研究了加热温度、压力和中间层对应力分布的影响。结果表明,残余轴向应力和剪切应力在试样边缘处梯度都较大,靠近中心轴,应力分布比较均匀,最大剪切应力出现在Al2O3-TiC/中间层界面处。在扩散焊冷却过程中,Al2O3-TiC/1Cr18Ni9Ti扩散焊接头最大轴向拉应力先是出现在边缘陶瓷侧,随着温度的降低,逐渐向试样中心靠近,应力值也逐渐增大。加热温度越低,轴向压应力越大。压力越大,最大轴向拉应力越小,压应力越大,但压力对剪切应力的影响较小。使用Ti-Cu-Ti复合中间层比使用Ti中间层可降低最大轴向压应力和最大剪切应力。
The stress distribution of Al2O3-TiC / 1Cr18Ni9Ti diffusion welding joint was calculated by finite element method, and the influence of heating temperature, pressure and interlayer on the stress distribution was studied. The results show that the residual axial stress and shear stress have larger gradients near the edge of the specimen near the central axis, the stress distribution is more uniform and the maximum shear stress appears at the interface of Al2O3-TiC / intermediate layer. In the process of diffusion welding cooling, the maximum axial tensile stress of the Al2O3-TiC / 1Cr18Ni9Ti diffusion welding joint first appears on the edge ceramic side, and gradually decreases toward the center of the specimen as the temperature decreases, and the stress value gradually increases. The lower the heating temperature, the greater the axial compressive stress. The greater the pressure, the smaller the maximum axial tensile stress, the greater the compressive stress, but the pressure on the shear stress smaller. The maximum axial compressive stress and the maximum shear stress can be reduced by using Ti-Cu-Ti composite interlayer than by using Ti interlayer.