一、危机 1988下半年开始,我国能源供应突然出现危机状态。一是能源全面紧张。油品、电力供需矛盾进一步加剧,煤炭供应再度紧张;华东、东北等沿海地区缺口进一步扩大,其它地区也出现了前所未有的缺能局面;等煤发电、停产待电、缺油停运的现象到处皆是,生活用能也日趋紧张。许多企业停三开四,或停五开二,损失数以千亿元的产值。二是社会库存量急剧下降。1988年底,全国县以上全民、集体所有制单位库存比年初下降16.3％。1989年初全国煤炭库存比1988年初减少2090万吨。为近5年来的最低水平。三是煤炭价格暴涨。据国家物资部 First, the crisis began in the second half of 1988, China’s energy supply suddenly emerged in crisis. The first is full energy tension. The contradiction between supply and demand for oil products and electricity was further aggravated, coal supply became tense again, and gaps in the coastal areas such as East China and Northeast China were further expanded. Unprecedented shortages of energy existed in other regions; phenomena such as coal power generation, production suspension, and oil shortage were everywhere. All are, life energy is becoming increasingly tense. Many enterprises have stopped three times, opened four or five times, and lost two billion yuan in output value. The second is the sharp decline in social stocks. At the end of 1988, the inventory of all-people and collectively-owned units at and above the county level in the country fell by 16.3% from the beginning of the year. At the beginning of 1989, the national coal inventory decreased by 20.9 million tons from the beginning of 1988. It is the lowest level in the past 5 years. The third is the soaring price of coal. According to the State Department of Materials