第二次世界大战后,尤其是60年代末、70年代初,巴西经济取得了飞速发展,年均增长率甚至达到11%,被誉为“巴西奇迹”。但进入80年代后,巴西发展缓慢,90年代初则陷入衰退。这其中主要原因是巴西居高不下的通货膨胀率。1985年以来,巴西曾推行过六个以消除通胀为目的经济调整计划,但收效甚微。1993年,巴西的通胀率达到创记录的2567%。当时卡多佐临危受命,于1993年底推出了一套在短期内制服通胀、恢复国家货币信誉的经济稳定计划,并取名为“雷亚尔计划”。该计划分三个阶 After World War II, especially in the late 1960s and early 1970s, Brazil’s economy witnessed rapid development with an average annual growth rate of 11%. It was praised as “Brazil’s miracle.” However, after the 1980s, Brazil was slow to develop and was in a recession in the early 1990s. The main reason for this is the high rate of inflation in Brazil. Since 1985, Brazil has implemented six economic adjustment plans aimed at eliminating inflation, but with little success. In 1993, Brazil’s inflation rate hit a record 2567%. At that time, Cardozo was in jeopardy. At the end of 1993, he launched a set of economic stability plan to subdued inflation in the short term and restore the credibility of the national currency and was named “the Real Plan.” The plan is divided into three steps