“元康之英”过后,有作为的便是东晋末年刘宋初年的陶渊明和谢灵运了。陶是“古今隐逸诗人之宗”,田园诗的开山;谢是“元嘉之雄”,山水诗的鼻祖。他们是试图从体制中解脱自己的一代。从汉末至西晋,除了短暂的建安时期外,知识分子走的是一条为保命而不断退却的路。他们放弃了道德,放弃了正义,放弃了良心,最后甚至放弃了是非 After the “Yuan Kang Zhiying”, there was something to do was Tao Yuanming and Xie Lingyun in the early years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Tao is the “reclusive poet of ancient and modern times”, the opening of pastoral poetry; Xie is “the hero of Yuanjia”, the originator of landscape poetry. They are trying to liberate their generation from the system. From the end of the Han Dynasty to the Western Jin Dynasty, besides the brief Jian’an period, the intellectuals took a road that continued to retreat in order to protect their lives. They gave up morality, gave up justice, gave up their conscience, and finally gave up right and wrong.