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鼻衄,通称鼻出血,这并非是一种独立的疾病,而是多种疾病所表现的一个突出的体征。它可来自鼻腔局部病变,如外伤、炎症、鼻中隔偏曲、肿瘤等;亦可是全身性疾病最早的体征,如高血压和动脉硬化,静脉高压症的肺气肿、肺原性心脏病,白血病,血友病,再生障碍性贫血等。老年人鼻出血大部分由心血管疾病所引起,高血压引起鼻出血的患病率高达64％以上。这是由于老年人鼻粘膜萎缩,干冷空气使粘膜干燥、纤毛功能降低,血管和粘膜脆性增多而引起血管收缩力减弱,一旦因咳嗽等腹内压增高刺激血
Epistaxis, commonly known as epistaxis, is not an isolated disease but a prominent manifestation of many diseases. It can come from the nasal local lesions, such as trauma, inflammation, nasal septum deviation, tumors, etc .; also the earliest signs of systemic disease, such as hypertension and arteriosclerosis, emphysema, pulmonary heart disease, leukemia , Hemophilia, aplastic anemia and so on. Most of the elderly nosebleed caused by cardiovascular disease, hypertension caused by the prevalence of epistaxis as high as 64%. This is due to the elderly nasal mucosa atrophy, dry and dry air to the mucous membranes, ciliary function decreased, increased vascular and mucosal fragility caused by decreased blood vessel contractility, once the intra-abdominal pressure due to cough and other stimulating blood