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目的:使用网络药理学分析柴芩清宁胶囊治疗上呼吸道感染的机制。方法:以柴芩清宁胶囊的主要成分黄芩苷、柴胡、人工牛黄为研究对象，在中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台(TCMSP)和中国中药整合数据库(TCMID)筛选活性成分，通过Drugbank和TCMSP数据库进行靶点预测分析；通过Genecards、人类在线孟德尔遗传平台(OMIM)、MalaCards数据库筛选出上呼吸道感染疾病相关基因；采用omicshare平台对药物靶点和疾病靶点进行匹配；使用Uniprot数据库和Cystoscope软件构建蛋白质相互作用网络；用Cystoscope软件构建“化合物-靶点-作用通路”网络图，对柴芩清宁胶囊关键作用靶点进行生物功能及代谢通路分析。结果:柴芩清宁胶囊20个化合物对应的215个靶标，上呼吸道感染相关基因102个，化合物对应靶点与疾病相关靶点取交集，共得到18个共有靶基因，柴芩清宁胶囊治疗上呼吸道感染的互作网络靶标合集，56个靶点共形成986条蛋白互作关系。其中673条互作关系≥0.9，为置信度高的互作对。对潜在靶点进行拓扑学参数分析发现，共18个基因为柴芩清宁胶囊治疗上呼吸道感染的靶点。通过对这些关键基因进行KEGG通路富集分析发现，这些基因主要富集到免疫系统活化、应激反应、炎症因子释放、凋亡进程、细胞增殖、胞内氧化代谢等相关的信号通路中。结论:柴芩清宁胶囊通过多成分、多靶点、多通路影响免疫系统活化、应激反应、炎症因子释放、凋亡进程、细胞增殖、胞内氧化代谢等信号通路及病理生理学进程，从而起到治疗上呼吸道感染的作用。“,”Objective:To analyze the mechanism of Chaiqin Qingning capsule in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection by network pharmacology.Methods:Baicalin, radix bupleuri and artificial bezoar were selected as the main ingredients of Chaiqin Qingning capsules. The active ingredients were screened in Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Chinese Traditional Medicine Integrated Database (TCMID) databases, and the target prediction and analysis were carried out through Drugbank and TCMSP databases. Genecards, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) and MalaCards databases were used to screen out the genes related to upper respiratory tract infection. Omicshare platform was employed to gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the targets. Uniprot database and Cystoscope software were used to construct protein interaction network. The network diagram of “ compound-target-action pathway” was constructed with Cytoscape software to analyze the biological function and metabolism pathway of the key targets of Chaiqin Qingning capsule.Results:A total of 20 pharmacodynamic compounds in Chaiqin Qingning capsules were extracted, corresponding to 215 targets. 102 genes related to upper respiratory tract infection. A total of 18 common target genes were obtained by intersecting the corresponding targets of the compounds with disease-related targets. There were 986 protein interactions among 56 targets in the interaction network of Chaiqin qingning capsule in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection, of which 673 were ≥0.9, which was a highly reliable interaction. According to the analysis of topological parameters, 18 genes were identified as the target of Chaiqin Qingning capsule in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. Using GO analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analysis, it was found that Chaiqin Qingning capsule may exert the pharmacological effect in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection by regulating biological processes and related signaling pathways such as immune system, inflammatory response, cell apoptosis and proliferation process.Conclusions:Through multiple components, multiple targets and multiple pathways, Chaiqin Qingning capsule can affect immune system activation, stress response, inflammatory factor release, apoptosis process, cell proliferation, intracellular oxidation metabolism and other signal pathways and pathophysiological process, thus playing a role in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infection.