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14世纪摩洛哥伟大的旅行家伊本·白图泰曾经来华游历,他在杭州受到当地执政官郭儿塔的热烈欢迎,并且观看了一种神奇的肢解类绳技。有人认为他是世界上第一位记述这个魔术的人,蒲松龄在《聊斋志异》中创作的《偷桃》故事就源于此;这个魔术起源于中国,然后传播到世界各地。笔者通过对这个魔术的历史考察,发现蒲氏《偷桃》故事的直接来源是明代中后期大量涌现的偷桃-肢解类绳技故事,蒲氏受明人钱希言创作的《偷桃小儿》影响,钱氏又是从宋懋澄的《蟠桃宴》铺陈而来,王同轨、冯梦龙等人也有类似的记载,冯氏还将此类魔术称为《方朔偷桃法》。其实此类魔术还有更加古老的源头,即唐人皇甫氏记载的《嘉兴绳技》。这种绳技是唐朝时通过海上丝绸之路从印度传来的,历经唐、宋、元、明、清时代的传承与发展,在经过中国文化的吸收与改造过程,最终形成了蒲氏笔下的《偷桃》。
In the 14th century, Ibn Battuta, a great Moroccan traveler, had traveled to China. He was warmly welcomed by the local governor Gua Ta tower in Hangzhou and watched a miraculous method of dismemberment. Some people think that he is the first person in the world to record this magic. Pu Dongling’s story of “stealing peach” originated from “Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio” originated from this; this magic originated in China and then spread all over the world. Through the historical investigation of this magic, I found that the direct source of Po’s “steal the peach” story is the large number of stealing peach-dismembered ropes in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, Affected, Qian is from Song Mao Cheng’s “Peach Banquet” spread from the same Wang, Feng Meng Long, who also have similar records, Feng also such magic is called “Fang Shuo to steal the peach law.” In fact, there is a more ancient source of such magic, that is, the Tang Dynasty Huangpushi recorded “Jiaxing rope technology.” This rope technique came from India through the maritime Silk Road during the Tang Dynasty. After the inheritance and development of the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, through the absorption and transformation of Chinese culture, “Steal peach.”