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1.引言广义短语结构语法(Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar,下称 GPSG)是 GeraldGazdar,Ivan Sag,Ewan Klein 和 Geoffrey Pullum 在70年代末创立的一种语境自由短语结构语法。GPSG 的一个显著特点就是把蒙塔古语法(Montague Grammar)对语义的描写引进到句法的描写之中。Gazdar 等人认为,自然语言的语法不但应该描写语言的句法结构,而且必须对语言的句法结构作出必要的语义解释。为此,GPSG 理论基本上接受蒙塔古语法学家提出的“句法语义同态说”。这一理论除了在句法上对语言进行描写之外,还在语义上
1. Introduction Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar (GPSG) is a grammar of context free phrase structure founded by Gerald Gazdar, Ivan Sag, Ewan Klein and Geoffrey Pullum in the late 1970s. A striking feature of GPSG is the introduction of the semantic description of Montague Grammar into the description of the syntax. Gazdar et al. Hold that the grammar of natural language should not only describe the syntactic structure of the language, but also make the necessary semantic interpretation of the syntactic structure of the language. For this reason, GPSG theory basically accepts the “syntactic and semantic homomorphism theory” proposed by Montague grammatists. In addition to describing the language syntactically, this theory is also semantically