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目的 了解有偿献血员筛查后仍存在的经输血感染HIV的危险度,评价现有筛查措施的效果及为进一步改进提供科学依据。方法 选择献血员中HIV感染水平中等的某县中心血站,用模型法和回顾法进行了经输血传播HIV的残余危险度研究。结果 该县血站于1995年6月至1998年3月期间检出的19例HIV抗体阳性者中有7例为多次献血员,在近期内输过其血的22例受血者中,找到9例存活者,证实其中1例输血后感染HIV。模型法及回顾法估计该血站筛选合格供血中,HIV感染的残余危险度分别为1/1773～1/28867份血和1/2008～1/2730份血。结论 我国基层血站血液筛选后仍存在残余危险,需采取措施减少残余危险度
Objective To understand the risk of transfusion-infected HIV that still exists after the screening of paid blood donors, evaluate the effect of the existing screening measures and provide a scientific basis for further improvement. Methods Blood centers were selected from blood donors who were moderately infected with HIV, and the residual risk of transfusion-transmitted HIV was analyzed by model and retrospective analysis. Results Of the 19 HIV-positive patients detected in the county from July 1995 to March 1998, 7 were blood donors. Among the 22 blood recipients who lost their blood in the near future, Nine survivors were found, of whom 1 had confirmed transfusion of HIV infection. The model and retrospective methods estimated that the residual risk of HIV infection in the blood-screening screening was 1/1773 ~ 1/28867 blood and 1/2008 ~ 1/2730 blood respectively. Conclusion There are still residual risks after blood screening in grassroots blood stations in our country, and measures should be taken to reduce the residual risk