论文部分内容阅读
王淦昌辉煌人生江苏省常熟市人,1907年5月28日生,男,中共党员,核物理学家,中国科学院院士。1929年毕业于清华大学物理系。1930年赴德国柏林大学留学,1934年获哲学博士学位,同年回国。曾任山东大学、浙江大学教授。1950年5月以后,历任中国科学院近代物理研究所研究员、副所长,苏联杜布纳联合核子研究所副所长,二机部第九研究院(中国工程物理研究院前身)副院长,二机部副部长兼原子能研究所所长,核工业部科技委副主任,中国科协第二届副主席,中国物理学会副理事长,中国核学会第一任理事长,第三至六届全国人大常委会委员。1998年逝世。王淦昌是我国核武器研制的主要科学技术领导人之一,核武器研究实验工作的开拓者。早期提出通过轻原子核俘获K壳层电子释放中微子时产生的反冲中微子的创造性实验方法,领导首次发现反西格玛负超子。在从事核武器研制期间,指导并参加了中国原子弹、氢弹研制工作,指导了中国第一次地下核试验,领导并具体组织中国第二、三次地下核试验,主持指导爆轰物理试验、炸药工艺、近区核爆炸探测、抗电磁干扰、抗核加固技术和激光模拟核爆炸试验等方面取得重要成果。1964年与国外同时独立提出激光惯性约束核聚变的设想并用实验予以证明。1982年获国家自然科学奖一等奖,1985年获两项国家科技进步奖特等奖。1999年被党中央国务院中央、军委授予两弹一星功勋奖章。
Wang Ganchang brilliant life Changshu City, Jiangsu Province, May 28, 1907 Health, male, member of the Communist Party of China, nuclear physicist, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 1929 graduated from Tsinghua University Department of Physics. In 1930 to study in Berlin University in Germany, Ph.D. in 1934, the same year to return. Former Shandong University, Zhejiang University professor. After May 1950, he served successively as a researcher and deputy director of the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, deputy director of the United Dubae Institute of Nuclear Research, deputy director of the Ninth Research Institute of the Second Machinery Department (predecessor of the China Academy of Engineering Physics) Deputy director of the Second Machinery Department and Institute of Atomic Energy, deputy director of the Nuclear Science and Technology Commission of the Ministry of Science and Technology, China Association for science and Technology, the second vice chairman of the Chinese Society of physics vice president, the first chairman of the Chinese Nuclear Society, the third to the sixth Member of the NPC Standing Committee. Died in 1998. Wang Ganchang is one of the major scientific and technological leaders in the development of nuclear weapons in our country and a pioneer in nuclear weapons experimental research. In the early days, an innovative experimental method of recoil neutrino generated when K shell electron released neutrinos was captured by light nuclei was proposed and the leader was found for the first time to find anti-sigma negative ion. During the development of nuclear weapons, he guided and participated in the research and development of China’s atomic bombs and hydrogen bombs, guided the first underground nuclear test in China, led and organized the second and third underground nuclear tests in China, presided over the directing of detonation physics tests and explosive technology, Near the area of nuclear explosion detection, anti-electromagnetic interference, anti-nuclear reinforcement technology and laser simulation of nuclear explosion test and achieved important results. In 1964, the author put forward the idea of laser inertial confinement fusion at the same time independently with foreign countries and proved it experimentally. In 1982 won the first prize of the National Natural Science Award, 1985 won two national science and technology progress prize. In 1999 by the CPC Central Committee and State Council Central Military Commission awarded two bombs and one satellite feats.