百年来文学领域中层出不穷的各种理念、方法可归纳为 2 0世纪中国三种不同的文学研究基本范式 :自在 ,他在 ,实在。自在范式刻意找回文学事实 ,描述文学事实 ,建立文学知识体系 ,但漠视文学研究的历史性、主体性。他在范式追求在社会文化、思想逻辑中找寻文学背后之因 ,却忽略了文学研究的文学本位和个体性。实在范式建构研究对象与研究主体的对象性关系 ,突出研究的个体判读与经验判断 ,但其研究的真理性、有效性难以普遍确立。2 1世纪中国的文学基本研究范式应是对 2 0世纪三种文学研究基本范式的扬弃、超越和融会 The various ideas and methods emerging endlessly in the field of literature over the past century can be summed up in three basic literary paradigms of different literary studies in China in the 20th century: freedom, he is, reality. The free paradigm deliberately retrieved the literary facts, described the literary facts and established the literary knowledge system, but ignored the historical and subjectivity of literary studies. In the paradigm, he pursues the reason behind the literature in the social culture and ideological logic, but neglects the literary standard and individuality of literature research. The actual paradigm constructs the object sexual relationship between the research object and the research subject, emphasizes the individual interpretation and experience judgment of the research, but the truth and validity of the research are not universally established. The basic research paradigm of Chinese literature in the 1 st century should be the sublation, transcendence and integration of the three basic paradigms of literature research in the 20th century