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吸附剂的制备是海水提铀的关键。本文以聚氯乙烯(PVC)为基材,采用电子转移活化再生原子转移自由基聚合(ARGET-ATRP)方法在PVC上引入偕胺肟(AO)和丙烯酸叔丁酯(tBA)基团,合成了偕胺肟基纤维吸附剂(PVC-AO-tBA)。在不同温度、铀溶液浓度和pH值条件下进行了PVC-AO-tBA吸附铀的实验研究,探讨了亲水单体tBA的引入对AO吸附剂吸铀性能的影响。结果表明,在同等条件下,PVC-AO-tBA对铀的吸附量由PVC-AO的109 mg/g提高到170 mg/g;PVC-AO-tBA对酸碱度的适应范围更宽,最佳pH值由6扩展到4～6。动力学分析结果表明,吸附速率也有了明显上升。值得注意的是,在与海水酸碱度接近的弱碱性环境下,平衡吸附量由39 mg/g提高到71 mg/g,可见吸附效果得到明显提升。
Adsorbent preparation is the key to seawater to uranium. In this paper, poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) as the substrate, the introduction of amidoxime (AO) and tert-butyl acrylate (tBA) groups on PVC by electron transfer activated regeneration atomic transfer radical polymerization (ARGET-ATRP) I am amidoxime fiber adsorbent (PVC-AO-tBA). The experimental study on the adsorption of uranium with PVC-AO-tBA under different temperature, uranium solution concentration and pH value was carried out. The effect of introduction of hydrophilic monomer tBA on the uranium absorption properties of AO adsorbent was also discussed. The results show that under the same conditions, the adsorption of uranium by PVC-AO-tBA is increased from 109 mg / g PVC-AO to 170 mg / g. PVC-AO-tBA has a wider range of pH adaptation, The value is expanded from 6 to 4 ~ 6. Kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption rate also increased significantly. It is noteworthy that, in a weakly alkaline environment close to that of seawater, the equilibrium adsorption capacity increased from 39 mg / g to 71 mg / g, showing a significant increase in adsorption.