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光敏器件是一种应用范围相当广的敏感元件。光是既有波动性又有微粒性的一种物质。光的粒子性表现在光电效应上,当一个光子射入到半导体中时,可将它的能量转移给电子,电子吸收了光子的能量,脱离原子核的束缚而参加导电过程,如果该过程只发生在半导体的内部,则称之为内光电效应;若该过程发生在半导体的外部,则称之为外光电效应。1.内光电效应。它包括两种现象:光电导效应及光生伏特效应。在室温条件下,半导体的导带只有一部分被电子占据着。当有足够能量的光子照射到半导体上时,满带中的电子吸收了光子能量,跃过禁带
Photosensitive devices are a wide range of sensitive components. Light is both a matter of volatility and granularity. The particle of light behaves in the photoelectric effect. When a photon is incident on the semiconductor, its energy can be transferred to the electron. The electron absorbs the energy of the photon and participates in the conducting process without being bound by the nucleus. If the process only occurs Inside the semiconductor, it is called the internal photoelectric effect; if the process takes place outside the semiconductor, it is called the external photoelectric effect. 1. The photoelectric effect. It includes two phenomena: photoconductive effect and photovoltaic effect. At room temperature, only a portion of the semiconductor conduction band is occupied by electrons. When there is enough energy photons to irradiate the semiconductor, the electrons in the full band absorb the photon energy, jump over the forbidden band