商业,是商品交换发展了的一种形式,是专门从事商品流通的独立的经济部门,是人类社会发展到一定历史阶段的必然产物。商业的性质、形式及其发展规律,决定于同一社会生产的性质、形式和发展规律。作为一种历史的既定的商业,就其本身来说,虽然不足以使一种社会生产方式过渡到另一种社会生产方式,但它对当时 Commercial development is a form of commodity exchange. It is an independent economic department that specializes in the circulation of commodities. It is an inevitable outcome of the development of human society to a certain historical stage. The nature, form and development of commerce depend on the nature, form and law of development in the same society. As an established business of history, in itself, though not sufficient for the transition from one mode of social production to another mode of social production,