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采用高碳高铬铸铁药芯焊丝,通过自改装的自动搅拌式明弧堆焊机在Q235钢表面堆焊了Fe-Cr-C系耐磨高铬铸铁焊层。借助XRD、SEM、EDS和光学显微镜(OM)分析了堆焊层的物相组成,观察了堆焊层的宏观和微观组织形貌。运用洛氏硬度计和动载冲击磨料磨损试验机测试了堆焊层的表面硬度和磨损性能。结果表明,机械搅拌作用下的明弧堆焊层中裂纹明显减少,焊层内部奥氏体和碳化物更加混乱、细小,局部区域出现了波纹状组织。搅拌作用下的明弧堆焊层最高硬度达57 HRC,相对耐磨性是一般明弧堆焊层的2倍。磨损机制表现为金属的塑性变形和磨料对堆焊层的短距离切削。
The use of high-carbon high-chromium cast iron flux cored wire, self-modified Ming-arc welding machine automatic mixing Q235 steel surfacing Fe-Cr-C wear-resistant high-chromium cast iron welding layer. The phase composition of the overlay was analyzed by XRD, SEM, EDS and optical microscope (OM). The macroscopic and microstructure of the overlay was observed. The surface hardness and wear properties of surfacing layer were tested with Rockwell hardness tester and dynamic impact abrasive abrasion tester. The results show that the cracks in the bright-arc surfacing layer under mechanical agitation are obviously reduced, the austenite and carbide in the weld layer are more confused and fine, and the corrugated structure appears in the local area. Under the action of the bright arc surfacing layer of the highest hardness of 57 HRC, the relative wear resistance is generally 2 times the arc surfacing layer. Wear mechanism manifested as plastic deformation of metal and abrasive short-distance surfacing layer cutting.