引言在水力、灌溉、环保和化工等工程领域,从来用堰作量水设备,常用的有梯形堰、矩形堰和三角形堰等。而线性堰即比例式堰在某些情况下,较上述各常规堰有较大的应用前景。线性堰由基面、堰口及侧壁组成,设计的堰断面要使流量和水头成线性关系,其流量计算的相对误差正等干水头量测的相对误差,印测流误差与堰上水头大小无关。而其它型式的堰测流相对误差变化很大。多年来,对线性堰进行了许多探索研究的结果表明,无须基面和参照基准面修正的线性堰断面的设计理论和方法还需作进一步的研究。过去所有的研究中部假定流量系数是不变的。而实际上流量系数随堰上水头与堰高之比值有明显变化,致使线性 Introduction Water, irrigation, environmental protection and chemical engineering and other fields, weir has never been used for measuring water equipment, commonly used trapezoidal weir, rectangular weir and triangular weir. However, in some cases, the linear weir, ie, the proportional weir, has a larger application prospect than the conventional weirs. The linear weir is composed of the base surface, the weir and the sidewall. The designed weir section is to make the flow and the water head linear. The relative error of the flow calculation is equal to the relative error of the dry head measurement. The error between the measured flow and the weir head size Nothing to do However, the relative errors of other types of weir measured flow vary greatly. Many years of research on linear weirs have shown that the design theory and methods of linear weir sections without the need to modify base planes and reference planes need to be further studied. All past studies assumed that the flow coefficient was constant. In fact, the flow coefficient with the weir on the head and weir ratio has changed significantly, resulting in linear