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本文回顾了国内外气候变化评估报告和相关研究成果,概述了气候变化对亚洲-太平洋地区(简称亚太地区)海洋区域的影响、适应和风险管理等.结果表明,亚太地区的气候与海洋环境发生明显变化,陆地和海洋表面温度上升,冰川和积雪等退缩,区域内的季风、降水和海洋环流的时空分布格局变化显著;气候变化对海洋区域的影响与风险主要表现为:海洋生境损失的增加和生物多样性的减少,海洋物种地理分布的迁移和季节活动规律的改变,中国近海赤潮和绿潮等生态灾害的频现,以及海平面的持续上升、风暴潮趋强和沿岸洪涝的频发及其对沿海地区经济社会安全和海洋产业可持续发展的威胁;并且,由于海洋气候变化的影响与风险分布具有明显的不均匀性,特别是海岸带低洼地等脆弱性较高的地区和社区,因此,基于风险管理的理念,总结了应对气候变化的若干协同适应策略与建议.
This paper reviews the domestic and international reports on climate change assessment and related research findings, summarizes the impacts, adaptation and risk management of climate change on the Asian-Pacific region (APAC) marine areas, and shows that the climate and marine environment in the Asia-Pacific region Significant changes in land and sea surface temperature, glaciers and snow and other retreat, the regional monsoon, precipitation and ocean circulation in space-time distribution pattern changes significantly; the impact of climate change on the marine areas are mainly as follows: the loss of marine habitats Increase and decrease of biodiversity, changes in the geographical distribution of marine species and changes in the rules of seasonal activities, the frequent occurrence of ecological disasters such as tidal flats and green tides in the coastal areas of China, and the continuous rise of sea level, stronger storm surges and coastal flooding And their threat to the economic and social security in the coastal areas and the sustainable development of the marine industry. Moreover, due to the obvious heterogeneity of the impact and risk distribution of the marine climate change, especially in areas with high vulnerability such as low-lying coastal areas and Communities, therefore, based on the concept of risk management, summed up a number of synergistic adaptation to climate change Strategies and recommendations.