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浅黄恩蚜小蜂Encarsia sophia Girault&Dodd和丽蚜小蜂Encarsia formosa Gahan是防治粉虱类害虫的优势寄生蜂,通过生命表技术方法分析了2种寄生蜂对温室白粉虱Trialeurodes vaporariorum(Westwood)的防治潜能。结果表明,丽蚜小蜂在羽化第3天和第10天出现2次寄生高峰,占其总寄生量的13.7%和8.0%,在2次高峰之间逐日寄生粉虱数量比较平稳,单雌逐日平均产雌数保持在10.6~13.4头,10 d后寄生量呈明显的下降趋势;而浅黄恩蚜小蜂羽化10 d内逐日寄生粉虱量变化不大,单雌逐日产雌数稳定在4.2~5.4头,羽化14 d后寄生量呈明显下降趋势。丽蚜小蜂和浅黄恩蚜小蜂的R0、T、rm、λ值分别为171.5、18.0、0.2854、1.3303和61.6、16.2、0.2544、1.2897;粉虱若虫充足时,丽蚜小蜂平均单雌寄生若虫数是浅黄恩蚜小蜂的2.7倍,而后者平均单雌取食若虫数为60.6头,明显高于前者42.7头,总的来看,丽蚜小蜂通过寄生和取食杀死粉虱总量220.8头,明显高于浅黄恩蚜小蜂的127.9头。表明在应用寄生蜂防治温室白粉虱时,单独释放丽蚜小蜂比浅黄恩蚜小蜂显示出更好的防治潜能。
Encarsia sophia Girault & Dodd and Encarsia formosa Gahan, the dominant parasitic wasps against whitefly pests, analyzed the control potential of two parasitoids on Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) via the life table technique . The results showed that the parasitoid peak appeared twice on the 3rd and 10th day of eclosion, accounting for 13.7% and 8.0% of the total parasitism, and the daily number of parasitic whitefly was relatively stable between the two peaks. The daily average number of females maintained at 10.6 to 13.4, 10 days after the parasitism showed a significant downward trend; and pale yellow aphid queen bee 10 days of emergence within the daily parasitic whitefly quantity change is not significant, After 4.2 ~ 5.4 head emergence, the parasitism decreased obviously after 14 days emergence. The values of R0, T, rm and λ of the aphids and yellow bumble bees were 171.5, 18.0, 0.2854, 1.3303 and 61.6, 16.2, 0.2544 and 1.2897, respectively. The number of parasitic nymphs was 2.7 times as much as that of the small yellow bee aphids, while the latter was 60.6, which was significantly higher than the former 42.7. On the whole, the larvae were killed by parasitism and feeding The total number of lice was 220.8, which was significantly higher than 127.9 of the small yellow bee aphid. The results showed that when the parasitic wasps were used to control whiteflies in the greenhouse, the single release of aphid wasps showed better control potential than the yellow beetles.