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本文依据实验室的测量结果讨论了各类矿物岩石的介电特征。在微波段,矿物的ε＇差值达2个数量级,ε″达4个数量级。在低频段,这种差值更大。硫化物矿物的ε′和ε″变化最大,其次为氧化物矿物。在火成岩中,随着从基性超基性岩到中性酸性岩的过渡,ε′和ε″逐渐降低。沉积岩和变质岩的介电性质与火成岩类似,但更为复杂。 实验表明,矿物的结构水对介电特性影响不大。吸附水和ε′之间有关系。离子类型、离子半径、离子极化率的差异,可引起ε′和ε″有规律的变化,晶体结构方向、原子配位数、键型、密度、变质程度、地质产状等也对介电性质有很大影响。 文中分析了介电常数在微波遥感中的应用。指出了岩石或土壤的介电常数(ε′和ε″)与地物的亮度温度和SIR-A图像的灰度之间存在明显的相关性。
This article discusses the dielectric characteristics of various types of rock based on laboratory measurements. In the microwave range, the ε ’difference of minerals reaches two orders of magnitude and ε “reaches four orders of magnitude, which is greater at lower frequencies. The sulfide minerals have the largest variation in ε’ and ε, followed by oxide minerals . In igneous rocks, ε ’and ε ”gradually decrease with the transition from basic ultrabasic rocks to neutral acidic rocks, and the dielectric properties of sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks are similar to igneous rocks but more complicated.The experiments show that the mineral Has little effect on the dielectric properties, and there is a relationship between the adsorbed water and ε ’. The difference in ion type, ion radius and ion polarizability can lead to the regular change of ε’ and ε, the crystal structure orientation, The atomic coordination number, bond type, density, degree of metamorphism, geology, etc. also have a great influence on the dielectric properties. The paper analyzes the application of dielectric constant in microwave remote sensing. It is pointed out that there is a clear correlation between the dielectric constant (ε ’and ε ") of rock or soil and the brightness temperature of ground object and the gray level of SIR-A image.