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生境是林木引种栽培区划的主要依据 .比较分析了美国山核桃原生境和新生境的气温、降水和土壤条件 .结果表明 :该树种原生境的气候和土壤条件与我国新生境存在较大的相似性 ;通过对原生境中影响美国山核桃生长发育的主要气象因子进行主成分分析 ,得出了引种栽培该树种的主导气象因子 ;根据原产地中心产区对上述主导气象因子的反应值 ,并结合原产地美国山核桃专家的意见 ,确立了该树种的现实生态位宽度为 :年平均温度 13～ 2 0℃ ,1月平均温度 4～ 12℃ ,7月平均温度 2 5～ 3 0℃ ,极端最低温度-3 0～ -8℃ ,≥ 10℃年积温 3 3 0 0～ 5 40 0℃ ,无霜期 15 4～ 2 45 d,年降水量 2 2 4～ 162 6mm.为后期应用生物气候预测分析法进行美国山核桃引种栽培区划提供了判别依据 .
Habitat is the main basis for the introduction and cultivation of forest trees.The temperature, precipitation and soil conditions in the native and new habitats of the United States pecan are comparatively analyzed.The results show that the climate and soil conditions of the native habitats of the tree species are similar to those in China Based on the principal component analysis of the main meteorological factors affecting the growth and development of pecan trees in the habitat, the dominant meteorological factors for the introduction and cultivation of this tree species were obtained. According to the reaction values of the above-mentioned dominant meteorological factors in the central producing areas of origin According to the opinion of the pecan expert from the origin of the United States, the realistic niche breadth of the tree species was established: the annual average temperature is 13-20 ° C, the average temperature in January is 4-12 ° C, the average temperature in July is 25-30 ° C, Extreme minimum temperature -3 0 ~ -8 ℃, ≥ 10 ℃ Annual accumulated temperature 3 3 0 0 ~ 5 40 0 ℃, frost-free period 15 4 ~ 2 45 d, annual precipitation 2 2 4 ~ 162 6mm. For the later application of bioclimatic prediction Analytical method for the introduction of the United States introduced pecan cultivation zoning provides a basis for discrimination.