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东欧各国的领土面积都很小,运输系统是在国家计划指导下办理运营业务的。在东欧各国的运输系统中,铁路起着主要的作用。铁路的运营特点是:以简陋的设备完成急剧增长的运量,因此,铁路运输经常处于能力紧张的状态并且时常面临着不能适应运量要求的问题。在第二次世界大战以后,东欧各国首先是重建运输网,这一任务于1947年完成。当时,铁路运输设备仍然是战前的技术设备。在战争期间,为运输苏联军队,曾将铁路改成宽轨,以后又重新改建为标准轨距。
Eastern European countries have very small territories and the transport system is operated under the guidance of the national plan. In the transport systems of Eastern European countries, the railway plays a major role. The operation of the railway is characterized by a sharp increase in the volume of crude equipment. As a result, railways are often in a state of tension and are often faced with problems that can not be accommodated by traffic requirements. After World War II, Eastern European countries first and foremost rebuilt their transport network. This task was completed in 1947. At that time, the rail transport equipment remained pre-war technical equipment. During the war, in order to transport Soviet troops, the railway was changed to a wide track and later rebuilt to a standard gauge.