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目的 对腰椎峡部进行解剖学测量，为提高后外侧植骨融合术治疗腰椎滑脱症的融合率提供解剖学资料。方法 对 30具成人尸体标本的 L 1～ L 5，共 150个干燥腰椎骨的腰椎峡部、腰椎后外侧植骨床面积和模拟植骨块体积等进行测量。结果 腰椎峡部上缘长度从 L 1[(7.34± 1.15)mm]到 L 5[(10.31± 1.89)mm]逐渐增大；腰椎峡部下缘长度从 L 1[(6.63± 1.24)mm]到 L 5 [(4.73± 1.21)mm]逐渐缩小； L 1峡部上缘最薄 [(1.85± 0.64)mm]；腰椎峡部下缘厚度从 L 1[(6.57± 1.24)mm]到 L 5[(7.57± 1.16)mm]逐渐增大。腰椎峡部与椎弓根形成的内偏角角度从 L 1(113.9°± 13.3° )到 L 5(119.1°± 13.5° )逐渐增大；尾偏角角度从 L 1(101.2°± 9.5° )到 L 5 (117.6°± 13.4° )逐渐增大。腰椎峡部上缘长度、腰椎峡部下缘厚度与腰椎节段呈正相关；腰椎峡部下缘长度与腰椎节段呈负相关；腰椎后外侧植骨床面积与植骨块体积呈正相关。结论 使滑脱的腰椎成功复位、提高腰椎滑脱症后外侧植骨融合率的关键在于 :采用坚强、稳定的内固定系统，足量的植骨床面积和植骨块体积，保证植骨块与植骨床紧密接触，以及足够的卧床时间。
Objective To anatomize the lumbar isthmus and provide anatomical data for improving the fusion rate of posterior lumbar spondylolisthesis. Methods L 1 ~ L 5 of 30 adult cadaver specimens, lumbar isthmus of 150 dry lumbar vertebrae, the area of posterior lateral lumbar intervertebral bone graft and the volume of simulated bone graft were measured. Results The length of the upper edge of lumbar isthmus gradually increased from L 1 [(7.34 ± 1.15) mm] to L 5 [(10.31 ± 1.89) mm] 5 (4.73 ± 1.21) mm]; L 1 isthmus thinnest [(1.85 ± 0.64) mm]; lumbar isthmus thickness decreased from L 1 [(6.57 ± 1.24) mm] to L 5 ± 1.16) mm] gradually increased. The angle of internal declination between lumbar isthmus and pedicle increased gradually from L 1 (113.9 ° ± 13.3 °) to L 5 (119.1 ° ± 13.5 °); the angle of declination from L 1 (101.2 ° ± 9.5 °) To L 5 (117.6 ° ± 13.4 °). The length of lumbar isthmus and the thickness of lumbar isthmus were positively correlated with lumbar segment. The length of lumbar isthmus was negatively correlated with lumbar segment. The area of posterolateral bone graft was positively correlated with the volume of bone graft. Conclusions The key to successfully reposition the spondylolisthesis and improve the rate of lateral fusion after lumbar spondylolisthesis is to adopt a strong and stable internal fixation system, adequate bone graft bed area and bone graft volume, Bone bed close contact, as well as adequate bed time.