论文部分内容阅读
迄今全世界已发现金19.3万吨,其中62%产于四个主要产金国,68%产于四种主要金矿床类型。银已发现174万吨,55%产于四个主要产银国,45%产于四种主要银矿床类型。铜已发现15.2亿吨,56%产于四个主要产铜国,88%产于四种主要铜矿床类型。锌已发现7.13亿吨,铅已发现3.49亿吨,50%产于四个主要产铅-锌国,70%产于四种主要铅-锌矿床类型。 至少74%的金、银、锌、铅和44%的铜是产在平均品位高于其各自中值品位的矿床中。低品位矿床所含总金属量少于高品位矿床。矿石总吨数是矿床中所含金属量的最好预测值,每种金属总量的96%以上存在于中型以上规模的矿床中,而在10%(矿床数)的最大矿床中金属量占每种金属总量的47%~79%。 本文依据矿床所含金属量将世界级矿床定义为10%(矿床数)的最大矿床,这类矿床中金占全部金的86%,银占全部银的79%,铜占全部铜的84%,锌占全部锌的71%,铅占全部铅的73%。这些巨型矿床至少含有100t金,2400t银、2Mt铜、1.7Mt锌、1Mt铅。 产在地壳中的矿床十分稀少,大的矿床特别稀少。本文阐明,只有非常大的矿床才会对供给有显著影响。
So far the world has found 193,000 tons of gold, 62% of which are produced in the four major gold producing countries and 68% in four major gold deposits. Silver has found 1.74 million tonnes, 55% in four major silver producing countries and 45% in four major silver deposit types. Copper has found 1.52 billion tons, 56% in four major copper producing countries and 88% in four major copper deposit types. Zinc has been found in 731 million tons of lead, which has been found in 349 million tons, 50% of which is produced in four major lead-zinc-producing countries and 70% in four major lead-zinc deposits. At least 74% of gold, silver, zinc, lead and 44% of copper are produced in deposits with average grade above their respective median grade. Low-grade deposits contain less total metal than high-grade deposits. The tonnage of ore is the best predictor of the amount of metal contained in the deposit, with more than 96% of the total amount of each metal occurring in deposits of medium size and above, while the largest amount of metal in 10% (number of deposits) 47% ~ 79% of the total amount of each metal. Based on the amount of metal in the deposit, this paper defines a world-class deposit as the largest deposit of 10% (the number of deposits), accounting for 86% of the total gold, 79% of the silver, 84% of the copper, , Zinc accounted for 71% of all zinc, lead accounted for 73% of all lead. These giant deposits contain at least 100t gold, 2400t silver, 2Mt copper, 1.7Mt zinc and 1Mt lead. Deposits in the crust are rare and large deposits are particularly sparse. The paper states that only very large deposits have a significant impact on supply.