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通过梳理布迪厄文化分层理论的脉络并分析其理论逻辑,结合转型期中国社会文化的特点,阐释布迪厄文化分层的现实意义并对其进行了反思。布迪厄为了展现其开放的、过程性、动态的实践观,尝试从关系主义的视角切入,引入了惯习、场域和资本的概念,将资本重新分类且尤其重视文化资本的重要性,认为依靠教育行动的实践可以实现文化资本再生产并最终实现社会分层,由此提出了文化分层理论,并利用“品味”惯习对社会阶层进行划分。结论认为布迪厄的文化资本理论是一种单维度的分层概念,文化分层在转型期的中国呈现出“区而不隔”的态势,文化反哺现象更是体现出了文化品味的逆向传递。
By combing the context of Bourdieu’s theory of cultural stratification and analyzing its theoretical logic, combined with the characteristics of China’s social culture during the transitional period, this paper expounds the realistic significance of Bourdieu’s cultural stratification and reflects on it. In order to show his open, process and dynamic practice view, Bourdieu attempts to start from the perspective of relationalism, introduce the concepts of habitus, field and capital, reclassify capital with particular emphasis on the importance of cultural capital, It is believed that relying on the practice of educational action can realize the reproduction of cultural capital and finally realize the social stratification. Therefore, the paper puts forward the theory of cultural stratification and uses the “taste” habit to classify the social strata. The conclusion is that Bourdieu’s theory of cultural capital is a one-dimensional concept of stratification. In the transitional period, cultural stratification shows a trend of “area without separation ”. The phenomenon of cultural feeding reflects the cultural taste Reverse transmission.