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怎样从以产品经济理论为根据的计划经济体制过渡到以商品经济理论为根据的社会主义市场经济目标体制,这是一个世界性的大难题。怎样破这个大难题?有一种主张是采用“一步到位”的“休克疗法”。我国14年来的改革实践已经证明“一步到位”是一种脱离改革过程中种种复杂矛盾的理想化主张。实际上改革是由此及彼的渐变过程,由量变到质变的发展过程,不可能毕其功于一役。中国改革总设计师邓小平同志早在1979年就设计了一架从旧体制起步走上目标体制的“金桥”。这架“金桥”就是计划经济与市场调节相结合的双轨过渡体制模式。这是中国通向社会主义市场经济体制的必由之路,也是中国改革的独创。苏东一些原社会主义国家早就致力于改革,可是始终没有走通改革的路。前苏联在50年代就提出改革,1985年又开始新的一轮改革,折腾数年,未得好的结果。1990年开始,他们
How to make the transition from a planned economy based on the theory of product economy to a socialist market economy based on the theory of commodity economy is a major global problem. How to break this big problem? One idea is to use “one-stop” “shock therapy.” Our 14-year reform practice has proved that “one-step” is an idealized proposal that is free from the complicated contradictions in the process of reform. In fact, the process of gradual change is the result of this reform. It is impossible to make a success from the quantitative change to the qualitative change. As early as 1979, Comrade Deng Xiaoping, chief architect of China’s reform, designed a “golden bridge” that embarked on the objective system from the old system. This “Golden Bridge” is a dual-track transitional institutional mode that combines planned economy and market regulation. This is the only way for China to lead the socialist market economic system and the original creation of China’s reform. Some former socialist countries in the Soviet Union have long devoted themselves to the reform, but they have never gone through the road of reform. The former Soviet Union put forward reforms in the 1950s and again a new round of reforms in 1985, tossing for years and failing to achieve good results. They started in 1990