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世界各国间使用抗生素在质和量上均有所不同。不合理使用已有频繁的报道,在某些单位如门诊部、妇科及产科中几乎多达到有不合理使用抗生素现象的60％。不合理使用抗菌药的后果是发病率和死亡率增长;毒副作用不断出现;费用超支;更严重的是耐药菌的出现、选择和蔓延,以至造成继续需要新的、费用更高的抗菌药。有必要在世界不同地区确定抗菌药使用模式。在发展中国家,医院和门诊部中的过度使用加之柜台销售,造成严重问题。然而
The use of antibiotics among countries in the world varies in quality and quantity. Unreasonable use has been reported frequently and in some units such as outpatient clinics, gynecology and obstetrics almost up to 60% of the unreasonable use of antibiotics. The consequences of the unjustified use of antimicrobials are the increase in morbidity and mortality; the continual emergence of toxic and side effects; the cost overruns; and more seriously, the emergence, selection and spread of resistant bacteria and the consequent continued need for new and more expensive antimicrobial agents . It is necessary to determine patterns of use of antimicrobials in different parts of the world. In developing countries, excessive use of hospitals and clinics, combined with over-the-counter sales, poses serious problems. however