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目的:应用三维CT影像测量下颌管解剖位置与骨皮质和磨牙的关系,为避免下颌矢状劈开截骨术中损伤下齿槽神经血管提供指导。方法:选择50名正常成人下颌骨三维CT扫描图像,应用AW4.4图像处理软件分别在第二前磨牙,第一、第二磨牙正中,下颌磨牙后区处测量下颌管的解剖位置。结果:通过获得的CT数据研究中国人下颌神经管的解剖位置与骨皮质和磨牙的联系,在第二磨牙区域下颌管距离颊侧骨皮质最远(平均7.82 mm,最小4.9 mm)。结论:在第二磨牙区域下颌体最厚,对于下颌矢状劈开截骨术的颊侧垂直切口须在下颌第二磨牙区域,这个区域骨质最厚并且下颌管距离颊侧骨皮质最远。对于下颌矢状劈开截骨术颊侧垂直切口的安全深度是4.9 mm。
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between mandibular canal anatomy and cortical bone and molars by three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) images and to provide guidance for avoiding the injury of the alveolar nerve vasculature in sagittal split osteotomy. Methods: Three-dimensional CT images of 50 normal adult mandibles were selected. The anatomic locations of the mandibular canal were measured with AW4.4 image processing software at the posterior region of the second premolars, the first and second molars, and the mandibular molars. Results: CT data were used to investigate the anatomical location of the mandibular canal in Chinese people. The second mandibular canal was the farthest away from the buccal cortex (average 7.82 mm, minimum 4.9 mm). CONCLUSION: The maxillary mandibular body is the thickest in the second molars area, and the buccal vertical incision in the mandibular sagittal split osteotomy should be in the second mandibular molars area, which is the thickest bone and the mandibular canal is the farthest away from the buccal cortex . The sagittal depth of buccal vertical incision for sagittal split osteotomy is 4.9 mm.